Should you walk heel first?
Stepping heel-first reduced the up-and-down motion of the body's center of mass during walking and required less work by the hips, knees and ankles. Stepping first onto the balls of the feet slows the body more and requires more re-acceleration.
Calculating the amount of energy required to run and walk, the team found that walking with the heel slightly raised costs 53% more energy than walking heel first, and walking on tip-toe was even less economical.
Interestingly enough, a study by the University of Utah found that, “the heel-down posture increases the economy of walking but not the economy of running… You consume more energy when you walk on the balls of your feet or your toes than when you walk heels first.” So: Run on your toes, walk on your heels!
Walk the (Straight) Line
Your pelvis will rotate forward with each step, but should not turn from side to side. Try to keep your legs in line with your hips and toes pointing forward, not inward (pigeon-toed) or outward (duck-toed).
A non-heel-strike gait means centre of pressure shifts back towards the heel then to the toes. Given our foot shape and toe length, heel strike is the most energy efficient way of walking, the pair conclude. It appears this style has been around for a few million years.
It was not designed to absorb huge ground reaction forces when we slam the heel into the ground. When you walk with a heel strike it's not that big of a deal you're only dealing with one to two times your own body weight in ground reaction forces.
Heel walks are a very simple but effective warm up exercise for the muscle that runs along the front of the shin bone (tibialis anterior). Heel walking also stretches the calf muscles and strengthens the foot extensors. In a short summary, heels walks are essentially short and balanced steps on your heels.
If you're forefoot running, then you'd want your forefoot to hit first. If you're mid-foot running, you'd want the entirety of your foot to land at just about the same time. And if you're heel striking, then your heel should land first and then smoothly transition to a toe take-off.
This plays a role in where we want to strike when our foot hits the floor. Ideally, the mid to front of your heel is where your foot should hit the ground when taking a step. This allows for proper stabilization and talus motion.
You should be rolling from heel to toe as you stride, not landing flat-footed with a thud. And don't reach your leg far out in front of you. That increases impact on your joints and actually slows you down.
Which type of walking is best for weight loss?
If you're looking for a full-body workout, it's possible to amp up your walking routine by changing the terrain. "Walking uphill or inclining your treadmill increases the intensity and challenge of the walk," Bryant says. "You can also introduce some intervals where you change your walking speed.
Stance phase begins with first contact/heel strike then progresses to loading response then midstance and finally toe off/terminal stance as the foot moves into swing phase. Check out this image for an idea of what muscles fire at what point of the gait cycle.
Generally speaking, there should be about one finger's width of space between your longest toe and the end of the shoe. Another way to check this is to slip a finger between the heel of your foot and the heel of your shoe. There should be just enough space for your finger to fit nice and snugly.
An increase in heel height forces the foot in an increased plantar flexion, which in its turn increases knee flexion and lordosis of the lower back. All changes can be related with each other in a plausible pattern of movement and control.
A longer walk may take more time, but the activity lowers your risk of injury and provides many of the same health benefits as walking faster. A longer walk builds endurance so that you can, over time, cover longer distances, Dr. Higgins says. Consistent walking allows you to gradually combine both distance and speed.
One of the most effective ways to reduce belly fat is to regularly take part in aerobic exercise, such as walking ( 19 , 20 ). In one small study, women with obesity who walked for 50–70 minutes three times per week for 12 weeks, on average, reduced their waist circumference and their body fat.
A 2014 study supports this and concluded that walking could help to burn body fat, including fat around the waist and within the abdominal cavity.
During walking, the big toe pulls upward to help keep your inner arch taut and absorb shock. When jumping, the big toe helps your calf muscles work efficiently, helping you to jump up and grab a rebound.
Stepping heel-first reduced the up-and-down motion of the body's center of mass during walking and required less work by the hips, knees and ankles. Stepping first onto the balls of the feet slows the body more and requires more re-acceleration.
Heel strikers have a greater risk of injury at the knee and hip, while forefoot strikers have a greater risk of injury at the Achilles tendon, calf, ankle, and foot. There are far more effective ways to improve performance than switching your foot strike.
Why you shouldn't walk on your heels?
Knee and back pain
“Heels don't just alter the way your foot functions, they also affect the body mechanics of how you walk, stand and carry yourself,” Dr. Jensen said. “This can put undue stress on your knees, hips and lower back.
It's a quick and effective way to strengthen the muscles on the front of your shin—a hard-to-strengthen area—and you can do it anywhere. Point your toes up as far as you can and simply walk on your heels. Start by walking for 30 seconds at a time and build up to 60-90 seconds.
heel walk is a alternative, calisthenics, and cardiovascular exercise that primarily targets the hamstrings and to a lesser degree also targets the calves, glutes and quads.
Because of this, people walked the same way we naturally do when we're barefoot: toe first, which allows us to test the surface in front of us and puts less stress on our knees. This is how people walked for millennia before modern-day shoes that allow us to step down harder and with our heels became a thing.
That means, if you are standing still at one place and then you start to walk and if you have a choice of which foot you would like to put first then it always will be your best foot. So, for a right handed person it will be the right foot and for a left handed person it would be the left foot.
References
- https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/74penu/walkin_medieval_did_people_walk_on_heels_first/
- https://www.coreadvantage.com.au/blog/the-problems-with-a-heel-strike
- https://www.maine.gov/mdot/challengeme/topics/docs/2019/may/How-to-Walk-with-Proper-Form-and-Technique-for-Fitness.pdf
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325809
- https://www.clarks.com/en-gb/editorial/how-should-shoes-fit
- https://www.runnersworld.com/health-injuries/a36650122/heel-striking/
- https://humankinetics.me/2010/02/15/why-heel-first-is-best-for-walking/
- https://www.liveinhomecare.com/walk-fast-or-walk-longer/information/
- https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/perfecting-your-walking-technique
- https://www.quora.com/When-you-walk-do-you-walk-with-left-foot-first-or-the-right-one-Just-curious
- https://www.rehabandrevive.com/post-1/proper-foot-strike-when-walking
- https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/advise-me/high-heel-horrors
- https://www.bereact.com/the-big-toe-mobility/
- https://www.triathlete.com/training/injury-prevention/how-to-prevent-shin-splints/
- https://therunexperience.com/proper-running-footstrike-3-steps-to-improve-it/
- https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/walking-for-weight-loss
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29475153/
- https://www.vernonmorningstar.com/trending-now/morning-start-people-in-medieval-times-walked-differently-than-we-do-now-3308355
- https://www.exercise.com/exercises/heel-walk/
- https://cosmosmagazine.com/science/biology/why-do-we-land-on-our-heels-when-other-animals-walk-on-their-toes/
- https://support.runna.com/en/articles/7991174-heel-walk-exercise-tutorial
- https://www.today.com/health/walking-lose-weight-does-it-work-t184991
- https://archive.unews.utah.edu/news_releases/the-cost-of-being-on-your-toes/
- https://www.runtastic.com/blog/en/walking-technique/