Does noise bother plants?
A study by scientists at California Polytechnic State University reveals that human noise pollution affects the diversity of plant life in an ecosystem even after the noise has been removed.
The world is growing louder, and plants also suffer from it. They might not have ears, but they're still able to detect sound waves. Arabidopsis – also known as thale cress – can differentiate between sounds that indicate danger and those that don't. Constant noise can even drive biodiversity loss among plants.
However, a growing body of evidence emerging from biological studies on the response of plants to sound waves indicates that plants are highly sensitive organisms that generate and react to sound signals from their environment (Mishra et al., 2016).
He concluded that loud, high frequen cy, sound tones increased the rate of plants sprouting and growth. He noted that the random noise had the opposite effect.
Researchers also found differences in juniper seedlings and communities of flowering plants at the site depending on current noise levels and whether the levels had recently changed because compressors were moved. Sites with greater noise had fewer juniper seedlings and different types of plants than quiet locations.
Plant species | Sound-exposed tissues | Plant responses |
---|---|---|
Chrysanthemum | Stem | Increased levels of soluble proteins |
Lettuce | Shoot | Increased yield |
Maize | Root | Root tip bending |
Pea | Root | Root growth toward flowing water |
Plant parts such as stems, leaves, branches, wood, etc. absorb sound. Rough bark and thick, fleshy leaves are particularly effective at absorbing sound due to their dynamic surface area.
If plants don't respond well to rock music, it isn't because they “like” classical better. However, the vibrations produced by loud rock music create greater pressure that isn't conducive to plant growth.
“This research also opens the window of plant behavior a little wider, showing that plants have many of the same responses to outside influences that animals do, even though the responses look different.” So while it may not exactly be hearing, plants do sense sound vibrations.
Studies have shown that music helps plants to grow, with the vibrations stimulating their growth. In a survey by music licensing company PPL PRS, which studied 1,000 gardeners, 63 per cent said they played music to their plants.
What frequency do plants like?
Plants thrive when they listen to music that sits between 115Hz and 250Hz, as the vibrations emitted by such music emulate similar sounds in nature. Plants don't like being exposed to music more than one to three hours per day.
We now know, however, that plants do detect vibrations of relevance to them and respond in ways that can maximise their fitness, analogous to the ways in which animals use sounds.
“Smithsonian and Nasa show that mild vibrations increase growth in plants while harsher, stronger vibrations have a negative effect,” Dr Hes explains. “The vibrations improve communication and photosynthesis, which improves growth and the ability to fight infection. You could say the plants are happy!”
More commonly known as the sensitive plant or touch-me-not plant, Mimosa pudica is a tropical shrub that closes its leaves when touched. The plant is native to Central and South America and features delicate, fern-like leaves with light purple pom-pom-shaped flowers. It's part of the legume family Fabaceae.
What the researchers learned. At the end of the experiment, the researchers compared the growth of the duckweed plants that listened to the music (musical plants) to those that did not (silent plants). The experts found that the music had considerable and immediate positive effects on the growth of the Duckweed plants.
Natural water provides soil with the nutrients it needs to produce healthy and sustainable plant growth. But if you add standard laundry detergent to plants, it will disturb the soil structure and deprive plants of the vital nutrients they need to grow.
According to OSHA, a worker should not be exposed to more than 85 dB of noise over an eight hour period. However, in plants and manufacturing facilities, the noise levels often exceed this limit.
“It also was surprising and extraordinary to see that the plant could actually tell when the sound of running water was a recording and when it was real and that the plant did not like the recorded sound.”
For year-round noise reduction, plant a mix of evergreens such as arborvitaes, spruces, pines and hollies. To be effective sound barriers, these trees must have foliage that reaches to the ground. “Deciduous plants are also effective for noise abatement, but only when foliage is present.
Yes, and yes! Coffee beans are rich in minerals such as magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium. Phosphorus and potassium improve yields, and nitrogen is involved in photosynthesis, which helps plants grow faster. Ground coffee is excellent for both house and garden plants.
Do plants have feelings?
Plants lack a central nervous system but are still capable of processing information from external sources and responding to them. While plants don't have the same “feelings” that we do, they often remember stimuli and communicate with other plants about them.
Plants have special structures called photoreceptors that detect an array of wavelengths, allowing them to sense light. A wide range of photoreceptors exist including phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins and ultraviolet-B receptors that allow plants to detect visible, far red and ultraviolet light.
He showed that plants have a memory for different people, and that plants read the minds of their “caretakers” even from thousands of miles away.
The science behind it is a bit shaky, but there have been studies done by a wide range of researchers that show that yes, plants respond positively to music. They can't “listen” to music the same way we do of course, but the vibrations put off by the sound of music can be picked up on by plants.
What does a stressed plant sound like? A bit like bubble wrap being popped, according to a new study which reveals the plant world may not be as silent as commonly believed.
References
- https://www.treehugger.com/do-plants-have-feelings-science-explainer-5546944
- https://www.jic.ac.uk/blog/how-do-plants-sense-the-world-around-them/
- https://www.rsb.org.uk/biologist-features/safe-and-sound
- https://www.safed.in/2021/09/27/do-laundry-detergents-affect-plant-growth/
- https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/plants-music-study-growth-b2269710.html
- https://www.enoisecontrol.com/services/industrial-noise-control/in-plant-noise-control/
- https://www.bhg.com.au/indoor-plants-listen-to-music
- https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/info/how-music-affects-plant-growth.htm
- https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/do-plants-hear
- https://www.earth.com/news/plants-that-listen-to-music-grow-faster-and-healthier/
- https://www.dw.com/en/how-does-noise-affect-plants/video-65679758
- https://www.moananursery.com/2023/01/13/is-music-good-for-plants/
- https://www.esalq.usp.br/lepse/imgs/conteudo_thumb/The-effect-of-sound-on-the-growth-of-plants.pdf
- https://myplantin.com/blog/how-to-use-coffee-grounds-for-plants-in-your-garden
- https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/201704119544/research/study-reveals-plants-listen-find-sources-water/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7671032/
- https://depts.washington.edu/hortlib/pal/plants-as-noise-buffers/
- https://www.calpoly.edu/news/noise-pollution-can-negatively-impact-plant-communities-cal-poly-study-finds
- https://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/gardening/indoor/sensitive-plant
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797535/
- https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/jan/11/they-respond-to-vibrations-does-talking-to-plants-actually-help-them-grow
- https://www.ambius.com/resources/insights/how-plants-reduce-noise
- https://www.smilinggardener.com/plants/do-your-plants-know-what-youre-thinking/
- https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2023/april/plants-emit-ultrasonic-popping-sounds-when-stressed.html